Capacity
The first decision to make is how much pumping capacity your sump pump must have. Pumping capacity is determined by two variables. The horsepower rating is the amount of power the motor can generate presented in terms of maximums. Three-tenths horsepower up to one horsepower motors are common for residential use. The diameter of the discharge outlet is the other important number.
These two things will determine how much water the pump can remove from the sump, and how high and far it can get the water away from the home’s foundation.
Most modern homes will get by having a one-third horsepower sump pump with a discharge outlet of 1-¼ inches. In very rainy locations, places with a high water table or houses with unusual amounts of water intrusion, one-half or three-fourths horsepower pumps with 1-½ inch discharges aren’t uncommon. For serious water removal needs a full, one-horsepower motor may be required.
Size
When choosing a sump pump, it’s also important to know the physical size of the sump pump basin . Three types of sump pumps exist. The size of your basin could determine which one you can have. Standard, modern sump basins are between 18 and 24 inches in diameter. Smaller diameter basins can be found in older homes, and in retroactively built sump systems.
For average sized sump basins, submersible sump pumps are the best, quietest and easiest to own. Smaller sump basins may not allow for the size of a submersible pump. For these, a pedestal sump pump, having a smaller footprint, may be needed.
The third kind of sump pump is a battery backup pump. Most often, these are smaller, submersible pumps that need to fit into the basin along with the primary pump. Be sure to account for the size of your backup pump when choosing the size of the main pump.
Climate
Another factor to consider when choosing the right sump pump is weather tendencies in your location. Homes built in areas that see light precipitation for much of the year can usually get by on low powered sump pumps for general water maintenance. Houses that need heavy duty water protection during infrequent heavy rainfall events will need large amounts of horsepower to move a lot of water quickly.
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